2024-03-29T07:11:14Z
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=319
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
Egypt. J. Rad.Sci.
1110-0303
1110-0303
2012
25
1
Kinetics of Hesperetin for Liver Fortification in γ-Irradiated Mice
HESPERETIN (3`,5,7-trihydroxy-4`-methoxyflavonone), the aglycone of the flavanone glycosides hesperidin, exerts pharmacological properties such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation, blood lipid and cholesterol lowering is effectively used as a supplemental agent in the treatment protocols of complementary settings.
Four groups were prepared: Control group: received 0.5 ml normal saline for 7 days. Hesperetin group: Mice received 7 doses of hesperetin injections (100 mg/ kg body wt/ day). Irradiated group: Mice submitted to total body irradiation with 4 Gy γ-rays. Protected group (Hesperetin plus irradiation): Mice received hesperetin for 7 days and then submitted to 4 Gy of γ-rays. The mice were sacrificed at 24 h, 1 week and 2 weeks after the end of the experimental treatments.
Irradiated mice exhibited significant hyperglycaemia and augmented hepatic glycogen after the first day and 1 week but significant hypoglycemia and reducing hepatic glycogen after 2 weeks. Also, they exhibited significant increased serum total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerols (TG) and decreased hepatic TC and TG after 1 & 2 weeks. This treatment also resulted in a significant dropped in hepatic glucokinase (GK), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) activities after 1 & 2 weeks.
Hesperetin injections modulated the serum glucose and hepatic glycogen, adjusted TC and TG in both serum and liver and ameliorated the lessening in hepatic GK, G6P and PEPCK.
The attending results demonstrated that hesperetn treatment modulated the biochemical symptoms of radiation disorders in mice.
In conclusion, administration of hesperetin may have a useful role in modulating oxidative stress induced by exposure to γ-radiation by improving the natural antioxidant mechanism and fortification liver functions.
Hesperetin
Liver
protection
γ-rays
Mice
2012
12
31
1
12
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_1484_577723612f92c2d610cc974de4da0925.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
Egypt. J. Rad.Sci.
1110-0303
1110-0303
2012
25
1
Immunological Enhancement of Interferon Alpha Treatment to Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation in Irradiated Rats
THE INFLUENCE of the biological response modifiers: interferon alpha (IFN-α) and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) on stimulation of blood cell recovery and boosting the immunological response were investigated in this work. Male rats received BMT 3 h post total body γ-irradiation of 5 Gy and were injected with 10 units of IFN-α weekly for 5 weeks.
Irradiation induced a significant decrease in blood parameters, reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as bone marrow lymphocyte count and viability. Immunological data revealed that tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) recorded a significant depression while lipid peroxidation (MDA) was conversely elevated. White blood cells (WBC), erythrocytes (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), lymphocytes and GSH in irradiated animals receiving BMT and IFN-α, were significantly elevated, while MDA was significantly depressed as compared to the irradiated group. Bone marrow lymphocytic count and viability percentage were significantly increased while IL-2 and TNF-α were normalized.
The curative action of IFN-α enforcing significant innate response could trigger and augment adaptive immune response by bone marrow transplantation. Such therapies boosting both components of immunity would be considered a potential strategy for irradiation treatment.
Bone marrow
interferon alpha
γ-rays
Rats
2012
12
31
13
27
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_1485_739e5a38359ad9886eb71817c6a81b9b.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
Egypt. J. Rad.Sci.
1110-0303
1110-0303
2012
25
1
Effects of Junk Foods on Brain Neurotransmitters (Dopamine and Serotonin) and some Biochemical Parameters in Albino Rats
NUTRITIONAL HABITS have changed significantly and junk foods have become widely popular, in recent years. The present study aimed to shed the light on the effect of potato chips and / or ketchup consumption on some biochemical parameters. Sixty four male and female albino rats were used in the study. Animals were maintained on 0.25g potato chips/ rat and / or 0.125g ketchup / rat, 5days a week for 4weeks.
Potato chips showed the lowest body wt gain in the male rats after 4weeks but, ketchup modulated this negative effect of the potato chips in the group of male animals fed on potato chips plus ketchup. Potato chips significantly decreased brain serotonin, liver glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) in both sexes; brain dopamine, serum total proteins, albumin, total globulins, α2- & β1-globulins in the females and serum thyroxine (T4) in the male rats. Ketchup apparently affected serum T4 and A / G ratio in both sexes, brain dopamine and liver GSH in the males in addition to brain serotonin, serum total globulins and α1-globulin in the female rats.
Potato chips plus ketchup significantly changed T4, dopamine, GSH, CAT, α1 and α2-globulins in both sexes; serotonin and β1-globulin in the male rats, total proteins and albumin in the females. It could be concluded that potato chips consumption might induce numerous adverse effects in various body organs.
Potato chips
Ketchup
T4
Dopamine
serotonin
GSH
CAT
protein fractions
2012
12
31
23
42
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_1486_c0fa9f8afe5f70b407e7195bcfd55c70.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
Egypt. J. Rad.Sci.
1110-0303
1110-0303
2012
25
1
Role of Betalains as Natural Antioxidant in Modulating Renal Disorders in γ-Irradiated Mice
BETALAINS are natural antioxidants extracted from red beet (Beta vulgaris L.), prevent lipid oxidation and improve antioxidant defence system in the animal tissue.
This study investigates the protective role of betalains on γ-rays-induced renal disorders in mice. Thirty two mice were divided into four groups; the first (control group) received the vehicle only for 33 days (control), the second (betalains group) received betalains (80 mg/kg body weight/day) for 33 days, the third (irradiated group) received the vehicle for 30 days before exposed to 4 Gy γ-rays (one shot) and for 3 days after irradiation and the last (protected group) received betalains for 30 days before γ-irradiation and for 3 days after irradiation.
Gamma-rays-provoked oxidative stresses in renal tissue were indicated by significant increases of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), carbonyl content (PC) and total nitrate/ nitrite (NOx) as well as an increase of plasma renal tubular and glomerular markers; urea (Ur), creatinine (Cr) and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT). In dissimilarity, γ-rays-induced significant decreases of renal reduced glutathione (GSH) level as well as peripheral blood indices; total red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), platelets (Pt) and total white blood cells (WBC) and renal enzymatic antioxidants; super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione
S-transferase (GST).
The results indicate that the administration of betalains protects against renal disorders in mice irradiated by γ-rays.
Betalains
renal distress
γ-rays
Mice
2012
12
31
43
53
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_1487_32ccc0a44b86b09cc5be9946764fc3ce.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
Egypt. J. Rad.Sci.
1110-0303
1110-0303
2012
25
1
Protective Efficacy of Emodin against γ-Rays Induced Acute Hepatorenal Injury in Rats
EMODIN(C16H12O5), an active principle extracted from Rheum palmatum. Its protective effect was evaluated against γ-rays-induced biochemical alterations in rats.
The purpose of recent study is to demonstrate protective efficacy of emodin against γ-rays induced acute hepatorenal injury in rats.
γ-irradiation (6 Gy) caused significant elevation in the release of serum alanine and aspartate transaminases, (ALT & AST), alkaline phosphatase (SALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), bilirubin (Br) and glucose (Gu) with concomitant decrease in haemoglobin (Hb) after 24 h of its exposure.
Toxicant exposure intensified the lipid peroxidation (LPO, measured as MDA units), total cholesterol (TC) and activity of acid phosphatase (TAC) and altered glutathione status (GSH), activities of adenosine triphosphatase (ATP), alkaline phosphatase (TALP), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) as well as major cellular constituents; total proteins (TP) and glycogen (Gn) in liver and kidney, compared to control measures.
Emodin, oral treatment, significantly lessened the toxicity by protecting γ-rays-induced alterations in various blood and tissue biochemical variables, compared to irradiated groups.
Thus, the study concluded that emodin at a dose of 40 mg/ kg body wt possesses optimum hepatorenal protective ability in γ-irradiated toxicant rats.
Emodin
hepatorenal distress
γ-rays
Rats
2012
12
31
55
66
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_1488_7cd6208261d6756494e82c35d615c497.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
Egypt. J. Rad.Sci.
1110-0303
1110-0303
2012
25
1
Effects of Fungicides, Essential Oils and Gamma Irradiated Bioagents on Chickpea Root Rot Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii
SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII (S. rolfsii) causes root rot disease in several crops including Cicer arietinum (chickpea) that results in low yield. In vitro experiments on fungicides, vitavax and monceren T, and essential oils, clove and mint oils, were conducted to control root rot disease of chickpea caused by S. rolfsii. The treatments resulted in 80 % suppression of root rot disease. Gliocladium virens (G. virens) and Gliocladium deliquescens (G. deliquescens) were effective as biocontrol agents against S. rolfsii. The results showed that these treatments greatly reduced the root rot disease in chickpea. In this study, the effect of gamma irradiation at doses 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 kGy on the pathogenecity of G. virens and G. deliquescens against S. rolfsii were investigated. The results revealed that gamma irradiation increased the pathogenecity of G. virens and G. deliquescens against S. rolfsii.
Sclerotium rolfsii
chickpea
Root rot
gamma radiation
2012
12
31
67
76
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_1489_b298aa5be0a8d08ba3303ccb0acb8f6c.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
Egypt. J. Rad.Sci.
1110-0303
1110-0303
2012
25
1
Synthesis, Characterization and Anti-bacterial Activity of Ag-NPs
SYNTHESIS, characterization and comparison the anti bacterial activity of both silver/ polyvinyl alcohol (Ag/ PVA) nanocomposite and nisin, for some pathogenic bacteria was carried out. Applications of the nicin include dental care products, pharmaceutical products such as stomach ulcers and colon infection treatment and potential birth control. Ag/ PVA nanocomposite was prepared by in situ reduction method in which silver nitrate, gamma irradiation and PVA act as precursor, reductant and stabilizer respectively. The synthesized nanocomposites have potential antibacterial activity toward both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Further studies have demonstrated the structure and the distribution of Ag nanoparticles caped within PVA polymer chain such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were carried out.
Silver nanocomposite
PVA
Nisin
Antibacterial activity
2012
12
31
77
90
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_1490_ae8e2bb1737c8a0eabd649bf531b1017.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
Egypt. J. Rad.Sci.
1110-0303
1110-0303
2012
25
1
Development of a Photo-Fenton Catalyst Fe3O4/ TiO2 Coated by Co polymer Synthesis by γ-rays
PHOTO-FENTON CATALYSTS Fe3O4/TiO2 coated with a co-polymer (PVA/PAAc) to improve their capabilities of pollutant degradation has been investigated. Core-shell nanocomposites catalyst [(Fe3O4/PAAc/ PVA)/TiO2]/PAAc with average diameters of 50-60 nm was carried out by gamma irradiation. Aqueous solution (1% w/v) of 25 % PVA/ 75% PAAc was polymerized at low irradiation doses 1.66 kGy, then treated with Fe2+ / Fe3+ salts. Ammonia solution was added to obtain a precipitation of 20 nm Fe3O4/PVA/PAAc. The Photo-Fenton catalysts comprising Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a core and (PVA/PAAc) as a shell and TiO2 introduced, which later develop into a uniform polymer layer of PAAc. The polymer resembles a stabilizer for particles in nanosize without aggregation. The degradation of the Remazol Red dye (RR) dissolved in aqueous solutions was investigated using modified reactor contain ultra violet visible (UV-VIS) sources under the influence of 300 Gauss alternative magnetic field (M.F).
Nanoparticls
Photo-Fenton reaction
polymer
γ-rays
magnetic oxide
2012
12
31
91
102
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_1491_b933ea4d055621380de704728abc4848.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
Egypt. J. Rad.Sci.
1110-0303
1110-0303
2012
25
1
Dosimeter Film Based on Ethyl Violet-Bromophenol Blue Dyed Poly (vinyl alcohol)
DYED POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) (PVA) films, prepared by a simple technique of casting aqueous solutions of PVA containing a mixture of ethyl violet and bromophenol blue (EV-BPB) on a horizontal glass plate, are useful as routine high-dose dosimeter in the 1-30 kGy range. The colour of films changes from violet to yellow when exposed to gamma radiation. The response of this dosimeter depends up on the concentration of chloral hydrate (CH) in the polymer material. The radiation chemical yield (G-value) of PVA dyed film was calculated and found to increase by increasing concentration of chloral hydrate. Post-irradiation storage on the response of the films are discussed.
The overall combined uncertainty (at 2σ) associated with measurement of response (ΔA mm
-1) at 600 nm for dose range 1-15 kGy is 5.6 %.
Ethyl-violet and bromo-phenol blue
Poly(vinyl alcohol
Gamma ray dosimeter
2012
12
31
103
113
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_1492_d143540bb8aa1dc63eab50ea7a30ab4b.pdf