Evaluation of Gamma Radiation-Attenuated Schistosoma mansoni Cercarial Antigens for Immunodiagnosis
Eman N.
Hafez
Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (AEA), Cairo, Egypt
author
Mona A.
Abd-Raboo
Parasitology Research Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Nagwa I.
Toaleb
Parasitology Research Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
author
Bahaa E.W.
EL-Aswad
Parasitology Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Menoufiya, Egypt
author
Saedia A.E.H. Sayed
El-Ahl
Parasitology Research Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Mona M.
El-Derbawy
Parasitology Research Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
DEVELOPMENT of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools for early diagnosis and treatment has an important necessity. This study focuses on identifying and evaluating immunodiagnostic potential of irradiated Schistosoma mansoni cercarial antigens by immunoblot analysis using infected human sera. Forty two serum samples were divided into: 14 sera from S. mansoni infected patients (Group I), 18 sera of patients with other parasitic diseases (Group II) and 10 sera from healthy individuals (Group III). Characterization of normal and 0.4Gy gamma radiation-attenuated cercarial antigens (Cer. Ags) was conducted using Gel Electrophoresis (SDS- PAGE). Normal Cer. Ags was resolved into six individual bands of 205, ≈160, 97, 66, 43 and ≈38kDa while irradiated Cer. Ags. showed same bands except 66kDa, in addition to two more bands which were ≈50 and 24kDa. Immunoblot analysis of irradiated cercarial antigens using pooled sera of patients with schistosomiasis mansoni identified four bands two like normal one, 97kDa and ≈32kDa, in addition to ≈50kDa and 43kDa bands. Total IgG immunoblotting using irradiated cercarial antigens with individual sera of patients with schistosomiasis and other parasites revealed that higher diagnostic accuracy was achieved by both 97kDa and 24kDa with 78.6%. Both 97 and 43kDa bands gave a higher sensitivity of 64.3% while 24kDa bands achieved the highest specificity of 89.3%. It could be concluded that total immunoblotting using irradiated cercarial antigens at 97kDa and 24kDa proved to be valuable as diagnostic tests for human schistosomiasis.
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
1110-0303
33
v.
1
no.
2020
1
8
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75452_657d57e154ff79aac89d1b001560601d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejrsa.2020.19216.1084
Effect of Spirulina platensis against Thyroid Disorders Associated with Liver Dysfunction and Dyslipidaemia in Irradiated Rats
Rehab
Ebrahim
Health Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), P. O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
author
Wael
El khouly
Radiation Protection Department, Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority (NRRA), P. O. Box 7551, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
SPIRULINA platensis (SP) is a nutritional supplement that has a variety of pharmacological properties and it is considered one of the good nutritional supplements for human and animal feed worldwide. Also, exposure to different forms of radiations is almost unavoidable in daily life, especially during radiotherapy. This study aims at evaluating the effect of SP against thyroid dysfunction associated with alteration in liver functions and lipid profile in gamma-irradiated male albino rats. Male rats were divided into four groups 1-Control, 2-Spirulina, rats were given SP via gavages 300mg/kg/day for 15days, 3-Radiation, whole body γ-irradiated rats at a dose of 5Gy, 4-Spirulina+ Radiation, rats were given SP for 15days before irradiation at a dose of 5Gy. The thyroid tissues of the irradiated rats revealed a significant decrease in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, accompanied by a significant increase in the level of lipid peroxidation end-product malondialdehyde (MDA) indicating radiation-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, the activity of the apoptotic marker caspase-3 was significantly increased. Also, serum level of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) showed a significant decrease while the thyroid stimulating hormone showed an increase. Thyroid dysfunction was accompanied by alteration in liver function enzymes and a state of hyperlipidaemia, SP treatment has significantly decreased oxidative stress and caspase-3 activity in thyroid tissues, which was accompanied by a significant improvement in the level of thyroid hormones, liver functions and lipid profile. SP may be a useful adjunct to attenuate thyroid disorders associated with liver dysfunction and dyslipidaemia in irradiated rats by its free radical scavenging and potent antioxidant activity.
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
1110-0303
33
v.
1
no.
2020
9
18
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_85717_794a85866d73b267f1603a8ef7e9f23d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejrsa.2020.24376.1094
Effect of Silica Gel on the Electrical Conductivity of ɤ- irradiated Pure Water: A Radiation Chemical Study
Kh. A.
Sife-eldeen
Radiation Chemistry Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), P. O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
EFFECTS of silica gel (SG) and its particle size on the radiation-induced electrical conductivity (RIC) and pH of pure water were studied. RIC of pure water in the absence of SG increases as absorbed dose increases. In the presence of SG the values of the RIC are higher than the corresponding values in the absence of SG up to 12.28kGy, which reflects the induced catalytic effect of irradiated SG. Moreover, the particle size of SG seems to affect the RIC of water. Therefore, as the particle size decreases, the RIC increases (below18.99kGy). Also, it was observed that the pH values decrease as the RIC increases and vice versa. The RIC and variation of pH in the studied samples are related to the radiation induced formation of H2O2 and H3O2+. The induced catalytic effect of SG is related to the radiation-induced formation of electron/ +ve hole (e/ h+) pair during ɤ-radiolysis of SG. Therefore, the RIC increases (pH values decrease) as particle size of SG decreases (surface area increases).
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
1110-0303
33
v.
1
no.
2020
19
25
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_85720_a2f4882e8565d545f0a50678a49467e6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejrsa.2020.21267.1088
Comparison of the Efficacy of a Natural Extract Mouthwash with Chlorhexidine on Gingivitis
Radwa
Sallam
Health Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2020
eng
THIS STUDY was designed to investigate the effect of pomegranate mouthwash incomparison to 0.2% chlorohexidine in control of gingivitis. The study was carried out on a total 60 patients. The selected patients were clinically examined and randomly divided into three groups of 20 subjects each. Group A: (control group) included patients with moderate gingivitis, Group B: included patients treated with 0.2% chlorhexidine mouth rinse with and Group C: included patients treated with Pomegranate Extract mouth rinse. Salivary pH, gingival and plague indices were recorded for three groups. The results of this study reported an increase in the level of salivary pH in group B and C compared to group A and in group c compared to group B. A significant decrease in the gingival index in group C compared to group B was observed. However, there was non-significant difference in plaque index score between both group B and C. According to this study, it could be concluded that Pomegranate Herbal mouthwash could be used effectively in control of gingivitis as an alternative to 0.2% chlorhexidine with less side effects.
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
1110-0303
33
v.
1
no.
2020
27
32
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_86034_19043b02f8d22a8b235ce992263d6fec.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejrsa.2020.25770.1095
Impact of Environmental Diversity in Egypt on Catharanthus roseus Cultivars Genome and Assessment that by Different DNA Markers
Islam
Salama
Natural Products Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
author
Essam
Ragab
Natural Products Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
author
M.H.
Mohamed
Natural Products Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THE GENETIC diversity relationship was studied among ten cultivars of Catharanthus roseus depending on geographic locations in Egypt (five governorates: Marsa Matruh, Kafr ash-Shaykh, Port Said, Cairo, and Bur-Safajah) and two colors of flowers (white and pink) using RAPD and ISSR assay. In the RAPD assay, four primers amplified gave a low polymorphism (30%) and (18%) in ISSR markers.The highest value of similarity was 1, while the lowest value of similarity indexed was 0.539. In ISSR analysis, 17.6% polymorphism was observed, the highest value of similarity was 1 and the lowest value of similarity index recorded was 0.106. The combined RAPD and ISSR analysis data revealed the highest similarity observed (0.984) but, the least similarity was 0.448. The primer OP-L13 only was given two specific markers in RAPD assay. The present study revealed that RAPD would be a useful assay compared to the ISSR phylogenetic assay for studies to identify the genetic diversity of the genome. The Principle component analysis (PCA) of RAPD and ISSR assays using 4 primers (both of them) was studied among ten genotypes cultivars of Catharanthus roseus plant. The results showed that the RAPD assay has given three clusters with 72.66 and 25.35% of the variance, the ISSR assay has given two clusters with 75.55 and 24.26% of the variance. On the other hand, the combined RAPD and ISSR assays have given the three clusters with 67.01 and 20.74% of the variance.
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
1110-0303
33
v.
1
no.
2020
33
44
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_88898_71c282d6022d85a68e336486b712de99.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejrsa.2020.27343.1096
Tadalafil Attenuates γ-Rays-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats
Wael
El khouly
Radiation Protection Department, Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority (NRRA), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, P. O. Box 7551, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Rehab
Ebrahim
Health Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), P. O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
TADALAFIL is widely used in the treatment of many disease disorders. Tadalafil is studied for its protective effect against γ-rays-induced hepatic injury in rats. Rats were exposed to 6 Gy-γ-rays then, treated with Tadalafil for 7-days and compared to the control, Tadalafil alone and irradiated groups. Oxidative-stress markers; malondialdehyde (MAD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the antioxidant markers; reduced glutathione (GSH) content, and the relative enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were evaluated in liver tissues. The anti-inflammatory markers; tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were evaluated in the blood serum. Data revealed a significant reduction in the γ-rays-induced lipid-peroxidation; MDA content, MPO activity, the inflammatory markers levels of TNF-α and IL-6, and an augmentation in the antioxidant marker levels of GSH, GPx, CAT and SOD. It could be concluded that Tadalafil could alleviate the toxic effects of ionizing radiation in liver via the strong anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory impact, thus could be useful as a radio protective agent in the radiotherapy schedule. The radio protective influence of Tadalafil could need to be explored for further organs in imminent works.
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
1110-0303
33
v.
1
no.
2020
45
50
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_111169_edabc14c1944e4b3ff8a14f13d21bf66.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejrsa.2020.37607.1102
PPerformance Assessment of NaI Detector Spectrometer for Safeguard Measurements
Rasha
El-Tayebany
Egyptian Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority (ENRRA), Cairo, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Hazzaa
Egyptian Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority (ENRRA), Cairo, Egypt
author
Sameh
Sabaan
Egyptian Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority (ENRRA), Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
NUCLEAR Safeguards Measurement Methods are developed by design characteristics as well as performance specifications for several systems of the gamma-ray assay. A NaI(Tl) gamma detector was characterized with respect to count rate performance, detector efficiency, dead time (DT), low-level discriminator, and threshold effects using low, medium, and high-energy radioactive point sources. Spectral data are collected using inorganic scintillation detectors NaI (Tl). Besides, the response functions of the NaI(T1) 2" × 2” detector were determined where detector efficiency and FWHM were measured at diverse sources using energy lines (356.02 keV of 133Ba, 661.7 keV of 137Cs and1173.2 and 1332.5 keV of 60Co) and calculated by using MCNP method. The Gaussian spectra generated by MCNP-5 code were compared with the experimental work. To validate the simulated result, the Gaussian Energy Broadening (GEB) card was used, yielding the best results. When comparing the obtained findings derived from MNCP calculations with the experimental findings, they showed a good agreement in their values.
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
1110-0303
33
v.
1
no.
2020
51
57
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_114327_7576c997a07d2348d33a64ef37a0d61e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejrsa.2020.40247.1103
Radioiodination of 5-aminoisoquinoline for Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase Targeting: An In vitro Evaluation in Colorectal Carcinoma Cells
Tarek
EL-Hamoly
Cyclotron Project, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
author
Hany
Aglan
Cyclotron Project, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority
Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
author
Mogahed
Alabyad
Cyclotron Project, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
author
Shaban
Kandil
Cyclotron Project, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THE ISOQUINOLINE derivative, 5-aminoisoquinoline (5-AIQ), is a potent inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity; the DNA repairing protein frequently overexpressed in various carcinoma cells. The current study is dedicated for developing a highly specific radioiodinated PARP-1 binding tracer namlely, [131I] 5-aminoisoquinoline. The radioiodination of 5-aminoisoquinoline with 131I was carried out via electrophilic substitution reaction. In order to achieve the maximum radioiodination, the parameters including 5-aminoisoquinoline concentration, oxidizing agent, reaction time, temperature and type of solvent were optimized. the radiochemical purity was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using Reversed phase lichrosorb column 250×4.6 mm, C-18 5 μm. The maximum radiochemical yield was 80% with radiochemical purity reached 98%. The log P value for [131I] 5-aminoisoquinoline was found to be 2.08 ± 0.79. Data presented from Cell viability (MTT) cytotoxicity assay on Caco-2 cells showed matched IC50 values with the selected drug concentrations profile for either labeled or unlabeled 5-aminoisoquinoline. Likewise, the radioiodinated 5-aminoisoquinoline elucidated a higher cell uptake compared to free I-131.
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications
The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
1110-0303
33
v.
1
no.
2020
59
64
https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_117175_0795322bdac302abf515177726f06003.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejrsa.2020.36220.1101