@article { author = {EL-Sayed, El-Sayed and Elnaggar, Mona and Hassan, Medhat}, title = {Thermo-mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl |Chloride/vulcanized Nitrile Butadiene Rubber Blends Cured by Gamma Irradiation}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications}, volume = {31}, number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {1110-0303}, eissn = {2314-8527}, doi = {10.21608/ejrsa.2018.1815.1023}, abstract = {COMPATIBLE blends of polyvinyl chloride/vulcanized nitrile butadiene rubber, PVC/NBR, can be readily prepared based on the common polymer polar characters. However, the enhancement of PVC contributes to the aging resistance of NBR and the fact that NBR can act as a permanent plasticizer for PVC deserve progressive evaluation of their composites.Compounding of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) at various ratios were produced by melt mixing. Neat PVC and PVC/NBR formulations were then gamma irradiated with the integral doses of 25, 50, 100 and 150kGy. It has been indicated, that radiation- induced microstructural changes were imparted to the pristine and blend formulations. Developed unirradiated and irradiated blends were characterized by various physical, mechanical and thermal investigations: In toluene swelling and, motor and brake oils resistance, tensile strength, elastic modulus and elongation at break and, the rmogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analyses. The examinations described distinctive improvement in the blend respective behaviors correlated with the rubbery feed ratio and radiation dose.}, keywords = {Thermo-mechanical properties,oil resistance,Gamma Irradiation}, url = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5858.html}, eprint = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5858_4b2581b24c0e2d449d9bd72426fda47f.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Kelany, Moushera}, title = {Physicochemical Study of Gamma-irradiated Mono Azo Dye in Aqueous Solutions as Liquid Dosimeter}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications}, volume = {31}, number = {1}, pages = {13-17}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {1110-0303}, eissn = {2314-8527}, doi = {10.21608/ejrsa.2018.1978.1025}, abstract = {AQUEOUS solutions of pH indicator (mono azo dye) Amacid Yellow M (AYM) dye were titrated by different concentrations of (H+) resulting from irradiation decomposition of trichloroethylene (ClHC=CCl2) (TCE) solution for possible use as an monitoring device (label) for gamma radiation. The titrated solutions were readout spectrophotometrically. These solutions can be used qualitatively as routine indicators in the 0.5–5 kGy range because they have stable change in color for (AYM) from yellow to red at 540 nm depending on irradiated trichloroethylene [H+]. The effective dose range exceeds in this technique due to avoiding direct exposure of dye to gamma radiation, utilizing back titration technique followed by color measurements using spectrophotometer. Moreover, the useful measuring range was found to be 5kGy. The solutions can be used qualitatively as routine indicators in the range of 0.5 to 2kGy. Further calculations such as rate of reaction (r) and kinetic constant (k̀) have been assigned.}, keywords = {Amacid Yellow M,trichloroethylene,Gamma ray dosimeter}, url = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5859.html}, eprint = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5859_df1c0e4789e1fee7c8dfd1ef93583826.pdf} } @article { author = {Elhady, Mohamed and Awadallah, Ahmed}, title = {A Comparative Study of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) Hydrogels Induced by Ultrasound and Gamma Rays for Ionoprinting Technique}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications}, volume = {31}, number = {1}, pages = {19-29}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {1110-0303}, eissn = {2314-8527}, doi = {10.21608/ejrsa.2018.2068.1029}, abstract = {IN THIS STUDY, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) (PNVP) hydrogels were prepared by two techniques of irradiation; ultrasound and gamma rays, respectively in purpose of comparative study. The formed hydrogels from both approaches were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry, (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray spectroscopy (XRD), hardness and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy ((ICP-OES). Moreover, the swelling behavior and gel faction were studied for the produced hydrogels of both approaches. The results indicate that hydrogels were prepared by both approaches are having the similar physical and chemical properties. The hydrogels formed were used in the ionoprinting technology. The ionoprinting technology has ability to topographically structure and actuates hydrogels by locally patterning ions via complexation assisted by electric fields. The significant features of ionoprinted hydrogels are stable for 36 days. Further, the ionoprinting process is fully reversible by immersion the ionoprinting hydrogels into a chelator.}, keywords = {Gamma rays,Ultrasound,Hydrogel,Gelation,Ionoprinting technique}, url = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5861.html}, eprint = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5861_c6d2ac50d8b231daf95333e39e826190.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Tablawy, Seham and Radwan, Nashwa and Araby, Eman}, title = {Potential Activity of Some Essential Oils and Human Amniotic Membrane against Malassezia furfur and Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Pityriasis Versicolor Patients}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications}, volume = {31}, number = {1}, pages = {31-47}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {1110-0303}, eissn = {2314-8527}, doi = {10.21608/ejrsa.2018.2123.1031}, abstract = {SOME Malassezial and bacterial species may act as pathogens when exposed to certain changes in the skin microclimate causing many diseases as Pityriasis versicolor (PV).Currently available drugs have various limitations, therefore attention should be drawn towards different natural products being widely popular for antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial potentiality of five essential oils (EOs) as well as irradiated and non-irradiated human amniotic membrane (HAM) against the growth of Malassezia furfur and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from PV patients was evaluated. Combination treatment between the most potent tested antimicrobial agents was conducted by the checkerboard technique. Results revealed that the highest antimicrobial activity was exhibited by tea tree oil (TTO) and non-irradiated HAM layered and supernatant (HAM L/S) against all the tested strains. Combination of TTO with HAMS resulted in a strong synergistic activity, significantly reduced the MICs of both agents. Moreover, the mode of action of combination treatment on cell membrane of the tested pathogens was confirmed by marked release of cellular materials that absorb at 260nm, and efflux of potassium ion. In addition, the scanning electron microscopic analysis confirmed the inhibitory effect of combination of TTO with HAMS by revealing significant morphological alterations and rupture of the cell membranes of the tested strains. These findings suggest that combination holds a broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy, confirming its influence on the membrane integrity and morphological characteristics of tested pathogens, which provides promising information on the potential use of TTO with HAMS for treatment of PV patients.}, keywords = {antimicrobial activity,Human amniotic membrane,Essential oils,gamma radiation,Pityriasis versicolor}, url = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5863.html}, eprint = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5863_c70d506e59715dfdb04ed7083a706620.pdf} } @article { author = {Mansour, Hanan and Hamideldin, Nahla and Abdel-Tawab, Fatthy and Fahmy, Eman}, title = {Marker-assisted Selection of New Compounds in Moringa oleifera Lam. Induced by Gamma Irradiation}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications}, volume = {31}, number = {1}, pages = {49-62}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {1110-0303}, eissn = {2314-8527}, doi = {10.21608/ejrsa.2018.2130.1034}, abstract = {THE DRY seeds of the medicinal plant Moringa oleifera were exposed to four gamma rays doses (0, 20, 40 and 60Gy) using 60Co gamma unit (Indian gamma cell), that delivered 2.25kGy per hour. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to identify the chemical profile of the ethanol extracts of non-irradiated and gamma irradiated (20, 40 and 60Gy) leaf samples of Moringa oleifera. New chemical compounds such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and 2, 3-dihydro-3, 5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (DDMP) were detected in the irradiated samples. Ten start codon-targeted (SCoT) primers were used to detect markers correlated with the appearance of 5-HMF and DDMP. Twenty four markers have been used for assessing the new compounds at the three radiation doses used. Nine of them represented positive markers that appeared in the plants treated with each of the three doses under study (20, 40 and 60Gy), but they were absent in the corresponding control. On the other hand, fifteen bands represented negative markers that appeared in non-irradiated samples and were absent in the irradiated ones. The primer SCoT 5 showed the highest percentage of polymorphism (83.3%).}, keywords = { Moringa oleifera ,Gamma rays,GC-MS,SCOT-marker}, url = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5864.html}, eprint = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5864_cb79f2843008a10af2e25fa573e9a2f7.pdf} } @article { author = {Farag, M.Diaa El-Din and Abdallah, E. and Abdul Azeem, A.M. and Ahmed, Nashwa A.H.}, title = {Wholesomeness and Safety of Meat of Laying Hens Fed Irradiated Aflatoxin B1-contaminated Diet}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications}, volume = {31}, number = {1}, pages = {63-75}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {1110-0303}, eissn = {2314-8527}, doi = {10.21608/ejrsa.2018.2307.1036}, abstract = {THE AIM of this study is to evaluate the effect of gamma (γ) radiations on the safety of processed diets to eliminate the negative effects of aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1) on the health of consumers. One hundred fifty adult female Westar rats were used. The rats were divided into 5 experimental groups (G). G1; rats served as a control which were fed a meal of flesh (breast and thigh muscles) and organs (liver, kidney, spleen and heart) of laying hens that fed before slaughtering diet non-contaminated with AFB1. G2; the rats were fed flesh of laying hens fed before slaughtering contaminated diet with 0.2mg AFB1kg−1, G3, G4 and G5 rats were fed flesh and organs of slaughtered laying hens fed before being slaughtered contaminated diet with 0.2mg AFB1 and treated with γ-irradiation at 10, 20 and 30kGy, respectively. The feeding continued for 3 weeks (experimental duration), then followed by another 3 weeks period on commercial non-contaminated ration (recovery duration). The obtained results showed that the feed intake, live body weight, blood total protein, albumin, and globulin were significantly decreased (P≤0.05) in rats of G2 during the experimental duration compared to G1. However, an improvement was observed in all parameters for rats of G3, G4 and G5. This improvement was parallel with increasing the dose levels of γ-ray (at 10, 20 and 30kGy), respectively. On the other hand, G2 showed an increase in the relative organ weights and AFB1 residues in breast tissues and organs including (liver, kidneys, spleen and heart), creatinine, liver function including aspertate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The experimental regimes for rats of G3, G4 and G5 were effective at reducing the deleterious effect of AFB1 on residues in breast tissues and organs. They normalized the relative organ weights as a function of radiation doses. Moreover, an improvement in serum liver enzymes, thyroid hormones and sexual hormones occurred, which reflects their effects on metabolism and reproductive efficiency of rats and this improvement was proportional with increasing the radiation doses up to 30kGy. It could be concluded that the radiation processing (at the applied radiation doses) of contaminated diet with AFB1 has significantly improved all parameters (P<0.05) which were negatively affected by AFs. Also, improvements were noticed in G3 and G4. A greater amelioration was obtained for group G5 followed a recovery phase.}, keywords = {Aflatoxins-B1,rat,Fed,Contaminated diet,safety,Radiation processing}, url = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5865.html}, eprint = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5865_f8c30e6e613e3155ce4249ae102c2667.pdf} } @article { author = {A. A. Osman, Soheir and M. Abdallah, Nadia and F. Abdel Hamid, Fatma and H. Nasr el-Dien, Mohamed and Abu Bakr, Asmaa and Mostafa, Dalia}, title = {Targeting Cancer Immunotherapy through Vaccination Using Irradiated Xenogeneic Placental Extract}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications}, volume = {31}, number = {1}, pages = {77-87}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The National Centre for Information and Documentation (NIDOC), The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {1110-0303}, eissn = {2314-8527}, doi = {10.21608/ejrsa.2018.2694.1039}, abstract = {THIS STUDY investigates the injection of sterilized xenogeneic placental protein extract before challenge with viable Ehrlich tumor cells for enhancement of the immune system. It includes the estimation of tumor size, hematological study and determination of CD8, granzyme B enzyme and caspase-3 activities, MMP-(2&9) activities and protein fractionation in serum.Female mice are divided into: G1 is the control group. G2 is the Ehrlich treated group, injected with 2.5×105 viable tumor cells/mouse. G3 is vaccinated with xenogeneic placental extract (XPE) sterilized using 0.2 micron Millipore filters. G4 is vaccinated with XPE sterilized with gamma irradiation at dose level of 2 Gy. G3 and G4 are subdivided into a, b, c and d.Results demonstrated that subgroups 3a, 3c, 3d, 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d showed significant decrease in mean tumor size compared to G2. For lymphocyte count, subgroups 3d, 4b, 4c and 4d revealed a significant increase compared to G1. Subgroup 4d showed a significant increase in both CD8 and granzyme B activities compared to G1. The caspase-3 activity indicated significantly in subgroups 4c and 4d compared to G1. Serum MMP-(2&9) activities revealed that the 4d subgroup displays the less pronounced band compared to the other groups and to G2. Gel electrophoresis showed that Ehrlich protein and placental protein extract were represented by four bands detected at 7kDa, between 29kDa and 45kDa, at >67kDa and at >116kDa.It could be concluded that vaccination using xenogeneic placental extract targets the stimulation of the immune system.}, keywords = {Immunotherapy,xenogeneic placental extract (XPE),cytotoxic T lymphocyte,Granzyme B,Caspase-3}, url = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5866.html}, eprint = {https://ejrsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_5866_fe50f92bd910eb62e86ce09d8f8e5dfb.pdf} }